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电帆作为一种无需消耗推进剂即可长期产生连续推力的新颖推进方式,能够实现一些使用传统推进技术很难实现的任务,如悬浮轨道。在简要介绍和分析悬浮轨道特性及形成条件基础上,发现该轨道是一种临界稳定状态,轻微的初值扰动或外界干扰即会导致轨道破坏。而电帆利用太阳风获取推力来源的工作机理决定其受强烈的环境干扰,实际中无法实现稳定的悬浮轨道。提出一种只改变推力大小而不改变推力方向的轨道保持策略,基于最优状态调节器(LQR)的方法实现该控制策略,仿真结果表明该轨道保持策略能较好地维持悬浮轨道运行,且对初值扰动及环境干扰具有较强的鲁棒性。
As a novel propulsion method capable of generating continuous thrust over a long period of time without consuming propellant, the utility sail can accomplish tasks that are difficult to achieve with traditional propulsion technologies, such as suspended orbital trams. Based on the brief introduction and analysis of the characteristics and formation conditions of the suspended orbit, the orbit is found to be a critical steady state. A slight initial disturbance or external disturbance will lead to orbital failure. However, the working mechanism by which the electric sail uses the solar wind to obtain the thrust source determines that it is subject to strong environmental disturbances, and in practice it is impossible to achieve a stable suspension orbit. A new control strategy based on LQR is proposed, which is to change the thrust without changing the direction of thrust. The simulation results show that the orbital holding strategy can maintain the orbital motion well and The initial value of the disturbance and environmental interference has strong robustness.