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对于“生态利用”问题,近10年来,我国林业经济学界展开了较多的讨论,主要有提倡和反对两大类观点。我们认为对于“生态利用”的争论不仅仅是一个学术问题,更重要的是生态利用涉及到我国林业发展的理论、指导思想、政策以及实践等,也就是说,对这一问题的研究有着非同小可的意义。本文作者以严谨的科学态度对此进行了深层次的探讨。作者在文中概述了“生态利用”的科学内涵,指出它有三个层次的含义;提出了在实践中如何操作“生态利用”的原则,其核心是把生态问题纳入经济学分析之中,从而更加全面地研究森林实物利用的最佳耦合状态、森林实物利用与非实物利用的最佳耦合状态如何达到的理论、方法和手段,以及确保它们付诸实施所必须的政策、法规。作者并没有简单地对提倡“生态利用”和反对“生态利用”的观点进行褒贬,而是在认真研究的基础上论述了自己对生态利用的看法,客观地评价了两类观点在认识着眼点、需求层次上的异同,并提出了提倡生态利用者研究中的不足。我们认为这对于今后更深入地研究这一问题是十分有益的,我们期望更多的同志能够以科学的态度对这一问题进行全面、深入地研究,为我国林业发展提供雄厚的理论基础。
For the issue of “ecological utilization”, there have been more discussions in the field of forestry economics in the past 10 years in our country. There are two main types of views: advocacy and opposition. We think the argument about “ecological utilization” is not only an academic issue, but more importantly, the ecological utilization involves the theory, guiding ideology, policy and practice of forestry development in our country. In other words, the study of this issue has its own merits Meaning. The author of this article with a rigorous scientific attitude to this in-depth discussion. The author summarizes the scientific connotation of “ecological utilization” and points out that it has three levels of meaning. He put forward the principle of how to operate “ecological utilization” in practice. The core is to include ecological issues in economic analysis, Comprehensively study the theories, methods and means of how the optimal coupling state of forest physical use, the best coupling state of forest physical use and non-physical utilization, and the policies and regulations necessary to ensure their implementation. The author does not simply praise and disagree on the viewpoint of promoting “ecological utilization” and opposing “ecological utilization”. On the basis of careful study, the author discusses his own views on ecological utilization and objectively evaluates two kinds of views , The similarities and differences in the level of demand, and put forward to promote eco-user research deficiencies. We think this is very beneficial for further studying this issue in the future. We hope that more comrades will conduct a comprehensive and in-depth study of this issue with a scientific attitude and provide a solid theoretical foundation for the development of forestry in our country.