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以广西平果岩溶型铝土矿区苔藓为研究对象,采集苔藓样品140份。采用经典形态分类法,发现苔藓属于13科25属44种,其中藓类10科22属41种,苔类3科3属3种,其中丛藓科(Pottiaceae)石灰藓属(Hydrogonium)疣叶石灰藓(Hydrogonium gangeticum)为主要优势种。丰富度指数从大到小的样地依次为原矿区、矿区农田、矿石堆、开采区、香蕉地、浓缩池、废矿区,Shannon-Wiener指数从大到小的样地依次为原矿区、矿区农田、矿石堆、浓缩池、香蕉地、开采区、废矿区。利用ICP-OES测定了该矿区土壤和苔藓的Al、Fe、Mn、Mg和Cr质量比,其中土壤Al质量比从大到小的样地依次为废矿区、浓缩池、矿石堆、原矿区、开采区、矿区农田、香蕉地,苔藓Al质量比从大到小的样地依次为开采区、废矿区、浓缩池、矿石堆、原矿区、矿区农田、香蕉地。冗余分析(RDA)表明,细叶石灰藓(Hydrogonium gracilentum)、疣叶石灰藓(Hydrogonium gangeticum)和卷叶毛口藓(Trichostomum involutum)对Al有一定耐受作用;相关性分析表明,丰富度指数与ShannonWiener指数呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),丰富度指数与苔藓Al质量比呈极显著负相关(p<0.01),土壤Al与苔藓Al质量比、苔藓Al与苔藓Fe质量比呈显著正相关(p<0.05)。研究表明,苔藓可作为该矿区金属污染的监测指示植物。
Taking the moss in Pingguo karst bauxite area as the research object, 140 samples of moss samples were collected. According to the classical taxonomic classification, moss belonged to 44 families belonging to 13 genera and 25 genera, of which 41 species belong to 10 genera, 22 genera, and 3 species belong to 3 genera, 3 families belong to the moss family, of which Hydrogonium wart leaves (Pottiaceae) Hydrogonium gangeticum is the main dominant species. The samples with richness index from largest to smallest are mine area, farmland, ore pile, mining area, banana area, thickened pool, waste area, and Shannon-Wiener index from big to small, Farmland, ore heap, thickened pool, banana, mining area, waste mining area. The mass ratio of Al, Fe, Mn, Mg and Cr in soils and moss in this mining area was determined by ICP-OES. The order of the mass ratios of Al in soil was desulphurized mine area, thickened pool, ore pile, Mining area, mining area, banana, moss Al mined area from descending order of mining area, waste mining area, concentration pool, ore heap, ore area, mining area, banana land. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that Hydrogonium gracilentum, Hydrogonium gangeticum and Trichostomum involutum had some tolerance to Al. Correlation analysis indicated that the abundance There was a significant positive correlation between the index and the Shannon-Wiener index (p <0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between the index of richness and the moss Al mass ratio (p <0.01), the mass ratio of Al to moss Al, the mass ratio of moss Al to moss Fe Significantly positive correlation (p <0.05). Studies have shown that moss can be used as an indicator of metal contamination monitoring in the mine.