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五、新生儿在推测细菌性肺炎的病原诊断上,年龄是值得重视的因素。目前,最常见的是B组链球菌(无乳链球菌),其次为革兰阴性的肠道杆菌、单核细胞增多性李斯特菌,偶而还有厌氧菌。在出生最初几天后的新生儿,可以有革兰阳性球菌、阴性杆菌(例如嗜血流感杆菌)或沙眼衣原体性肺炎。因为新生儿期肺炎的临床特点无特异性,而且败血症或其他并发病又很常见,这些患儿大多需要住院,并根据经验而开始抗菌疗法。通常,用一
Fifth, the speculation of bacterial pathogens in neonatal diagnosis, the age is a factor worthy of attention. Currently, the most common are Streptococcus group B (Streptococcus agalactiae), followed by Gram-negative enterobacteriaceae, Listeria monocytogenes, and occasionally anaerobic bacteria. Newborn infants after the first few days of life may have gram-positive cocci, negative bacilli (eg, Haemophilus influenzae) or Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia. Because of the nonspecific clinical features of neonatal pneumonia and the frequent occurrence of sepsis or other concomitant diseases, most of these children require hospitalization and, based on experience, begin antimicrobial therapy. Usually, use one