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成骨细胞是主要发挥骨形成功能的细胞，在骨重建中发挥重要作用。细胞骨架广泛存在于真核细胞中，不仅在维持细胞形态及细胞内部结构有序性中至关重要，还可参与机械信号转导，调控细胞分化、增殖、凋亡、迁移和相关基因的表达。研究成骨细胞细胞骨架的功能，可为口腔领域中如引导骨再生技术、正畸牙移动、牵张成骨及术后骨愈合等方面提供新的思路。本文就成骨细胞细胞骨架的相关研究进展进行综述。“,”Osteoblasts are cells that are in charge of bone formation and play an important role in bone remodeling. Cytoskeleton is widely found in eukaryotic cells, and not only plays an important role in maintaining the order of cell morphology and internal structure, but also may be involved in mechanotransduction, the regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and the expression of related genes. The studies on the function of the cytoskeleton in osteoblasts may provide new ideas for dental fields in such aspects as guided bone regeneration, orthodontic tooth movement, distraction osteogenesis and postoperative bone healing. This article reviewed the research progresses about cytoskeleton in osteoblasts.