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一氧化氮是血管内皮细胞利用L-精氨酸合成的内源性硝基血管扩张剂,其作为血管内皮依赖性舒张因子,通过刺激鸟苷酸环化酶产生生物学效应。一氧化氮在循环系统的主要作用是舒张血管和抑制血小板的聚集和粘着,多数动脉通过连续释放的一氧化氮维持血管的舒张状态。此外,一氧化氮还可能是神经递质和巨噬细胞杀伤因子,有证据表明,动脉粥样硬化时,因一氧化氮的合成及作用受到抑制,血管较易收缩和形成血栓。一氧化氮的失活可能是蛛网膜下腔出血时血管
Nitric oxide is an endogenous nitric oxide vasodilator synthesized by L-arginine by vascular endothelial cells. As a vascular endothelium-dependent relaxing factor, nitric oxide exerts a biological effect by stimulating guanylate cyclase. The main role of nitric oxide in the circulatory system is to relax the blood vessels and inhibit the aggregation and adhesion of platelets. Most arteries maintain the vasodilatory state through continuous release of nitric oxide. In addition, nitric oxide may also be a neurotransmitter and macrophage killer, there is evidence that atherosclerosis, due to inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis and role of blood vessels more easily shrink and thrombosis. Inactivation of nitric oxide may be a blood vessel during subarachnoid hemorrhage