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目的通过了解西安市餐饮具集中消毒单位的现况,为今后的有效监管提供科学依据。方法采取访谈、查阅资料、现场检查、填写检查表、抽样检测、统计分析的方法,依据《餐饮具集中消毒单位现场监督检查表》,对43家餐饮具集中消毒单位进行调查。结果该市餐饮具集中消毒单位中无出厂检验和生产场所清洁制度不落实情况,均占86.05%;布局不合理的占60.47%。结论取消卫生许可、经营者卫生法律意识淡薄及相关法律、规范存在缺陷,卫生监督执法无力。建议通过制定地方法规,提高准入门槛;调整监管职责,控制销售终端环节;加强培训,实行量化分级管理;部门之间加强沟通与协作,形成有效的监管机制。
Objective To understand the status quo of centralized disinfection units of tableware in Xi’an and provide scientific basis for effective supervision in the future. Methods Interviews, access to information, on-site inspection, fill out the checklist, sampling, statistical analysis methods, according to “tableware centralized disinfection unit on-site supervision and inspection table”, 43 catering units concentrated disinfection unit investigation. Results In the city, there was no factory inspection and no implementation of the cleaning system for production sites in the centralized disinfection units of catering utensils, accounting for 86.05% of the total; and the unplanned layout accounted for 60.47%. Conclusion The removal of health permits, the weak awareness of health laws and regulations of the operators and the related laws and regulations have defects, and the health supervision and law enforcement weakness. It is suggested that local laws and regulations be formulated to raise the barriers to entry; regulatory responsibilities should be adjusted to control sales terminals; training should be strengthened and quantitative management should be conducted; departments should strengthen communication and collaboration to form effective regulatory mechanisms.