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目的调查大连市集中空调场所冷却塔水军团菌污染状况及暴露人群中军团菌隐性感染状况,研究军团菌对人群健康的影响因素。方法2005年8～9月,随机采集大连市使用集中空调的32所公共场所集中空调冷却塔水,采用分离病原培养法进行军团菌检测;随机抽取使用集中空调场所的工作人员血样,采用微量凝集试验法,进行血清军团菌抗体检测。结果大连市公共场所集中空调冷却塔水军团菌检测的场所阳性率为53.13%,军团菌血清型分别为嗜肺军团菌(Legionella pneumophila,Lp)Lp7、Lp8、Lp9和Lp10型。其中,Lp9型28株,占总菌株的77.78%,为优势菌株。人群血清学抗体检测显示,使用集中空调的公共场所人群Lp10感染率较高。结论大连市使用集中空调的场所存在军团菌污染,人群中存在军团菌隐性感染。
Objective To investigate the contamination status of Legionella pneumophila in cooling tower and the latent infection of Legionella pneumophila in exposed air conditioners in Dalian, and to study the influencing factors of Legionella on human health. Methods From August to September in 2005, 32 central air-conditioning cooling towers of centralized air-conditioners in Dalian were randomly collected to detect Legionella pneumophila by isolation pathogen culture method. Blood samples were collected randomly from staff in centralized air-conditioners, Test method for detection of serum Legionella antibodies. Results The positive rate of Legionella pneumophila detection in public places in Dalian was 53.13%. The Legionella pneumophila serotypes were Lp7, Lp8, Lp9 and Lp10, respectively. Among them, 28 strains of Lp9, accounting for 77.78% of the total strains, were dominant strains. Population serological antibody tests showed that the use of centralized air-conditioning in public places Lp10 infection rate is higher. Conclusion The presence of Legionella contamination in the places where centralized air-conditioners are used in Dalian is implicit in the population.