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目的了解目前北京地区猪相关职业暴露人群病毒性肝炎知信行情况。方法在北京市顺义、昌平、通州、大兴、平谷5个区采用横断面调查的方法,调查屠宰场、养殖场和散养户家庭猪相关职业暴露人群,进行问卷调查。结果猪相关职业暴露人群对病毒性肝炎基本知识的知晓情况普遍较高,达到了50%以上。其中乙肝病原体的知晓率均在52.65%,调查对象的乙肝症状知晓率达到了72.0%,其中养殖场职工知晓率为59.42%,屠宰厂职工为80.00%,散养户为70.67%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.29,P<0.05)。猪相关职业暴露人群对乙肝传播途径的知晓率达到60%以上,95.08%的人群希望了解病毒性肝炎防治知识。未接种乙肝疫苗者中有34.88%认为自己注意卫生就不会感染,有32.56%的未接种者不知道有疫苗或接种地方。结论猪养殖、屠宰等相关职业暴露人群是病毒性肝炎防治的重点人群。
Objective To understand the prevalence of viral hepatitis in pig-related occupational exposure in Beijing. Methods Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 5 districts of Shunyi, Changping, Tongzhou, Daxing, and Pinggu in Beijing to investigate the occupational exposure groups of pigs in slaughterhouses, farms and scattered-family households and conduct questionnaire survey. Results The knowledge of basic knowledge of viral hepatitis in pig-related occupational exposure groups was generally high, reaching over 50%. Among them, the awareness rate of HBV was 52.65%, and the awareness rate of HBV in the survey reached 72.0%, among which 59.42% were awareness of farmer, 80.00% of slaughter workers and 70.67% of free-living households, the difference was statistically significant Significance (χ2 = 9.29, P <0.05). Pig-related occupational exposure to hepatitis B awareness of the transmission rate of more than 60%, 95.08% of the population want to know the knowledge of viral hepatitis prevention and treatment. 34.88% of those who did not receive hepatitis B vaccine thought they would not be infected if they paid attention to hygiene, and 32.56% of unvaccinated persons did not know the place of vaccination or vaccination. Conclusion Pig breeding, slaughtering and other occupational exposure groups are the key populations for the prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis.