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伴随着R&D全球化,跨国公司海外R&D的空间布局问题成了地理学研究的热点。通过分析外资在华R&D的空间特征,并从新经济地理学视角实证考察其空间格局形成的内在机制。我国外资R&D主要集中在东部沿海少数区域,且高度聚集在大型中心城市,区域差异显著。实证结果表明,劳动力成本、优惠政策等传统区位变量未能很好地反映外资在华R&D的空间格局,而新经济地理理论所揭示的贸易成本、技术溢出、市场规模、外资区域生产水平以及区域历史外商R&D投资等集聚变量是导致外资R&D空间集聚的重要原因。
With the globalization of R & D, the issue of the spatial distribution of multinational R & D overseas has become a hot topic in geography. By analyzing the spatial characteristics of foreign R & D in China, and from the perspective of the new economic geography, we study empirically the inner mechanism of its spatial pattern. China’s foreign-funded R & D is mainly concentrated in a few coastal areas in the east and highly concentrated in large-scale central cities with significant regional differences. The empirical results show that traditional location variables such as labor costs and preferential policies can not reflect the spatial pattern of R & D of foreign capital in China well. However, the trade cost, technology spillover, market size, production level of foreign capital region as well as regional Agglomeration variables such as historical foreign R & D investment are the important reasons for the concentration of foreign R & D space.