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对半湿润渠灌区农田系统中作物不同种植制度用水量、产品生产力、经济生产力以及水分利用效率的研究表明,种植系统类型和种植制度不同,水分利用效率差异明显。露地栽培的粮—粮系统用水量较高,经济用水效率最低;粮—菜系统用水量和经济用水效率居中;菜—菜系统用水量较低,经济用水效率最高。节水效果粮—菜系统达27.4%~44.2%,菜—菜系统达60.0%~62.1%。在粮—菜系统中,小麦—黄瓜种植系统的经济收入及经济用水效率最高,其次是小麦—辣椒系统,而甘蓝—玉米系统的经济收入及经济用水效率最低。在菜—菜系统中,黄瓜—黄瓜的种植制度要比青笋—番茄的节水效果好,其经济用水效率也高。为保持土地生产力可持续性及增加经济收入,应采用轮作种植制度,如黄瓜—豆角、青笋—番茄等。在粮—菜系统中,小麦—辣椒系统作业方便,效益也好。
The research on crop water consumption, product productivity, economic productivity and water use efficiency in cropland system in semi-moist irrigation area shows that there are significant differences in water use efficiency between different planting system types and planting systems. Open-field cultivation of grain - grain system with high water consumption, economic efficiency of the lowest water; food - vegetable system water and economic efficiency of the center; vegetable - food system with lower water consumption, the highest efficiency of water use. Water-saving effects of food-food system up to 27.4% ~ 44.2%, food-dish system up to 60.0% ~ 62.1%. In the food-vegetable system, wheat-cucumber planting system has the highest economic income and economic water use efficiency, followed by the wheat-pepper system, while the cabbage-corn system has the lowest economic income and economic water use efficiency. In the vegetable-vegetable system, the cucumber-cucumber planting system is better than that of the young shoots-tomato, which has high economic water use efficiency. In order to maintain the sustainability of land productivity and increase economic income, rotation cropping system should be adopted, such as cucumber - beans, green shoots - tomato. In the food - vegetable system, wheat - pepper system easy operation, good efficiency.