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《天工开物》是我国明代科学家宋应星的科学技术名著.《天工开物》中的《陶埏》在该著中又占有一定的份量.《陶埏》卷分“瓦”、“砖”、“罂瓮”、“白瓷”(附青瓷)、(附窑变、四青等).他指出陶瓷器的用途有:人上栋下室以避风雨瓴建焉”,砖瓦可以建造房屋以避风雨;2、“王公设险以守其国,而城垣雉堞,寇来不可上矣,”砖可以作城墙,以防敌人的攻击;3、“泥瓮坚而醴酒欲清,瓦登洁而(?)以荐”,陶瓷器可以作日常用器;4、“商周之际俎豆以木为之,……后世,……陶成雅器,有素肌玉骨之象焉,掩映几筵,文明可掬”,陶瓷器还可以代替铜器,木器以作祭祀之用,美观而又实用.江西是“瓷器之乡”,景德镇号为“瓷都”,瓷器考古方面的资料十分丰富,本文拟就《陶埏》中提出的各节,结合江西解放后的考古情况提出一些看法.
“Heavenly Creations” is a famous science and technology masterpiece of Song Yingxing, a scientist in Ming Dynasty in China. “Tao Gong” in “Heavenly Creations” also plays a part in this book. “,” Poppy Urn “,” White Porcelain “(with celadon), (with kiln change, Siqing, etc.) He pointed out that the use of porcelain includes: House to shelter from the storm; 2, ”the princes risk to keep their country, and the walls of the country, the Kou can not carry on,“ brick can make walls to prevent the enemy’s attack; 3, Wadden Jie and (?) To recommend ”, pottery can be used for daily use; 4,“ the occasion of Shang and Zhou dugou to wood, ... ... later generations, ... ... Tao Cheng Ya, Yan, Ying Yan Ying feast, civilized ”, pottery can also replace the bronze, wood for sacrificial purposes, beautiful and practical. Jiangxi is“ hometown of porcelain ”, Jingdezhen as“ porcelain ”porcelain archeology The information is very rich, this article intends to “Tao” in the proposed sections, combined with the archaeological situation after the liberation of Jiangxi some views.