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[目的]从微观结构的角度,观察脾虚四号方干预大鼠腹泻模型后,大鼠结肠黏膜的变化。[方法]采用水环境小平台站立法复合高乳糖饲料喂养的方法复制腹泻模型,通过透射电镜技术观察中药复方对大鼠腹泻模型结肠黏膜细胞微观结构的影响。[结果]模型组和正常组比较,模型组结肠上皮细胞损伤明显:微绒毛形态不规则且部分缺失;细胞膜破坏,出现裸核;线粒体内脊模糊不清、肿胀、电子密度改变;杯状细胞分泌异常活跃;细胞连接的缝隙连接明显增宽。中药干预组肠黏膜细胞损伤较轻,但仍存在微绒毛形态不规整,长短不齐,线粒体电子密度增高、形态不规则,杯状细胞分泌活跃等情况。另外,中药干预组结肠黏膜细胞出现异常隆起小体。[结论]小平台站立和高乳糖饲料喂养的方法造成的大鼠腹泻模型,其结肠黏膜细胞会出现微绒毛形态改变等微观结构的变化,而中药脾虚四号方干预可以缓解其电镜下黏膜损伤。
[Objective] To observe the changes of colonic mucosa in rats after spleen deficiency Prescription No.4 on rat diarrhea model from the microscopic point of view. [Method] The diarrhea model was replicated by adopting the legislation of aquatic environment small platform standing compound high lactose feedstuff and the effect of compound prescription of traditional Chinese medicine on the colonic mucosa cell structure of rat diarrhea model was observed by transmission electron microscope. [Results] Compared with the normal group, the damage of model group was obvious: the shape of microvilli was irregular and partially degenerated; the cell membrane was destroyed and naked nucleus appeared; the inner ridge of mitochondria was blurred, swollen and the electron density was changed; Secretion was abnormally active; gap junctions of cell junctions were significantly broadened. Intestinal mucosal cell injury was lesser with traditional Chinese medicine intervention group, but there were still irregular microvilli, irregular length, increased electron density of mitochondria, irregular shape and active goblet cell secretion. In addition, the traditional Chinese medicine intervention group of abnormal mucosal cells appeared uplift body. [Conclusion] The model of rat diarrhea caused by the method of standing on the small platform and fed with high lactose feed could change the microstructure of the colonic mucosa such as morphological changes of microvilli. However, the intervention of traditional Chinese medicine Spleen No.4 could relieve mucosal damage .