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目的：探讨自制免疫胶乳凝集抑制试验药盒半定量检测尿中微量白蛋白的准确性及其对肾脏损害的早期诊断价值。方法：用０．２μｍ微粒胶乳制备出尿微量白蛋白胶乳凝集抑制试验药盒，检测４１例健康人、７３例糖尿病患者和５７例脑血管病患者的随意尿标本中尿微量白蛋白，并与国产酶联免疫吸附（ＥＬＩＳＡ）和进口ＭｉｃｒａｌＴｅｓｔⅡ试剂的测定结果进行比较。结果：胶乳法、ＥＬＩＳＡ法和ＭｉｃｒａｌＴｅｓｔⅡ法对健康组尿白蛋白测定的阳性率分别为４．８８％、７．３２％和７．３２％，对糖尿病组分别为２４．６６％、２６．０３％和２７．４０％，对脑血管病组分别为２２．８１％、２４．５６％和２６．３２％；胶乳法与ＥＬＩＳＡ和ＭｉｃｒａｌＴｅｓｔⅡ试剂测定一致率分别为９８．２４％和９７．０８％。结论：采用自制免疫胶乳凝集抑制试验药盒测定尿微量白蛋白方法简便、快速、价廉，对糖尿病肾病、肾小球肾炎等疾病的早期诊断和预后判断具有较高的应用价值。
Objective: To investigate the accuracy of semi-quantitative detection of microalbuminuria in urine with self-made immunogold agglutination inhibition test kit and its early diagnostic value for renal damage. Methods: The microalbumin albumin latex agglutination inhibition test kit was prepared with 0.2 μm microparticle latex and urine microalbuminuria in 41 cases of healthy subjects, 73 cases of diabetic patients and 57 cases of patients with cerebrovascular disease was detected. Domestic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and imported MicralTest Ⅱ reagent results were compared. Results: The positive rates of urinary albumin in healthy group were 4.88%, 7.32% and 7.32% respectively by latex method, ELISA method and MicralTest Ⅱ method, while those in diabetes group were 24.66% and 26.03 % And 27.40%, respectively, which were 22.81%, 24.56% and 26.32% in the group of cerebrovascular disease respectively.The coincidence rates of latex method and ELISA and MicralTest Ⅱ reagent were 98.24% and 97.08% . CONCLUSION: The method of determination of urine microalbumin by using self-made latex agglutination inhibition test kit is simple, rapid and inexpensive, and has high value in early diagnosis and prognosis of diseases such as diabetic nephropathy and glomerulonephritis.