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通过田间试验对两种磷处理的274个大豆基因型叶片酸性磷酸酶活性进行筛选,并将其中8个进行营养液栽培试验以研究磷胁迫对其叶片酸性磷酸酶同工酶表达的影响。结果表明,大豆叶片酸性磷酸酶活性存在着明显的基因型差异,不施磷处理提高了大部分(约60%)供试基因型叶片酸性磷酸酶的活性。营养液栽培试验表明,低磷处理普遍提高了所有8个供试大豆基因型叶片酸性磷酸酶的活性。等电聚焦电泳结果表明,供试大豆基因型的老叶和新叶中均有6条酸性磷酸酶的同工酶带。低磷处理显著增加了叶片酸性磷酸酶酶带的活性,但是没有诱导新的酸性磷酸酶酶带产生。研究发现叶片酸性磷酸酶活性可作为反映大豆磷胁迫的酶学指标;磷胁迫诱导大豆叶片酸性磷酸酶活性的增加是由于已有同工酶活性的提高而不是由于特异性酶带的产生。
The acid phosphatase activities of 274 soybean genotypes under two phosphorus treatments were screened by field experiments. Eight of them were subjected to nutrient solution cultivation to study the effects of phosphorus stress on the expression of acid phosphatase isoenzyme in leaves. The results showed that there were obvious genotypic differences in acid phosphatase activity in soybean leaves. Phosphorus-deficient treatment increased most of the acid phosphatase activity in leaves (-60%). Nutrient-hydroponic experiments showed that low-phosphorus treatments generally increased the activity of all eight acid phosphatase-tested leaves in genotypes. The results of isoelectric focusing electrophoresis showed that there were 6 isozyme bands of acid phosphatase in old leaves and new leaves of the tested soybean genotypes. Phosphorus treatment significantly increased leaf acid phosphatase activity, but did not induce new acid phosphatase enzyme production. It was found that the activity of acid phosphatase in leaves could be used as an enzymatic index to reflect the phosphorus stress in soybean. The increase of acid phosphatase activity induced by phosphorus stress in soybean leaves was due to the increase of isozyme activity but not to the specific enzyme band.