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本文在探讨《红楼梦》中史与诗的双重意义与结构.我觉得此书不但像杜甫的诗,反映时代精神与社会背景,称为“诗史”,并且是曹雪芹用血泪写成,“使闺阁昭传”的史诗.在语文风格上,作者没有把本书写成汤显祖的《牡丹亭》那种诗剧,却写成了“假语村言”的白话小说.本文是把诗歌,小说,与历史看成一脉络相连的有机体:历史可以演化为小说,小说又可以升华为诗歌,诗歌又可以归根到历史.《红楼梦》可以说是这一点最好的例子.本文所指的诗,并不是指韵文的形式,而是指诗的精神.例如第一回上半所云绛珠仙子用眼泪报神瑛侍者灌溉之恩等等.又诗与史并无高低之分,加上小说进而三者在书中自成一循环.例如第三回下半,写黛玉进贾府,凤姐因事后出来,脂评甲戌眉批云,“真有这样标致人物出自凤口,黛玉丰姿可知.宜作史笔看”①.同样的脂评甲戌眉批在第七回上半,以为送宫花一事,同时为宝钗,黛玉,与阿凤之正传(《脂辑》,169).其实它也为此回之回首诗中“江南惜花人”秦氏立传,同时也为外貌性情与命运均同秦氏的英莲立传.
This article explores the dual meaning and structure of history and poetry in A Dream of Red Mansions.I think this book not only resembles Du Fu’s poem but also reflects the spirit of the times and the social background, which is called “History of Poetry” and is written by Cao Xueqin with blood and tears. In the Chinese style, the author did not write the book as Tang Xianzu’s Peony Pavilion, but instead he wrote the vernacular novel “Fake Words Village.” This article is based on poetry, fiction and history As a connected organism: history can evolve into a novel, the novel can be sublimated into poetry, poetry can be attributed to history. “Dream of Red Mansions” can be said that this is the best example of this article refers to poetry, does not mean verse Form, but refers to the spirit of poetry, for example, the first half of the cloud beads and fairies with tears reported to the waiter of the Irrigation grace, etc. And no difference between poetry and history, plus the novel and then in the book For example, the third half of the second half, write Daiyu into Jia, Feng sister out of the hindsight, lipid evaluation Jia Xu Meitaiyun, “There really such a Peugeot from Fengkou, Daiyu Fengzi know. See ”①. The same fat evaluation Jia Xu Mei approved in the seventh The first half, that is, to send the palace flowers, at the same time as Bao Chai, Dai Yu, and Feng’s orthodox (“fat album”, 169) .In fact, it is also for this back to the poem " Rituals, but also for the appearance of temperament and fate are the same as Qin’s Ying Li Chuan.