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人类对次生林生态系统的长期扰动必然会对地下生态过程产生深刻影响,而土壤动物群落结构和功能多样性对地下生态过程的演变有重要的指示意义.本文以小陇山林区恢复近30年的次生林和栽植近30年的油松、日本落叶松、欧洲云杉和粗枝云杉林为对象,通过对5种林型土壤动物群落密度调查,采用PCA排序和方差分析等方法,探讨了不同林型土壤动物群落结构特征和营养结构.结果表明:油松林和日本落叶松林土壤动物群落密度是次生林的3.0和2.1倍;油松和日本落叶松人工林土壤动物群落中消费者/分解者比值明显高于次生林,油松林和日本落叶松林消费者/分解者的比值显著高于欧洲云杉林和粗枝云杉林;不同人工林土壤动物群落结构存在明显差异,油松林和日本落叶松林土壤动物群落密度是粗枝云杉林的4.5和3.1倍,而油松林土壤动物群落类群丰富度是欧洲云杉林和粗枝云杉林的1.5倍.
Long-term disturbance of ecosystems in secondary forests will inevitably have a profound impact on subsurface ecological processes, and the community structure and functional diversity of soil fauna are important indicators of the evolution of subsurface ecological processes.In this paper, the restoration of Xiaolongshan forest for nearly 30 years Secondary forests and Pinus tabulaeformis, Larix principis-rupprechtii, European spruce and rough-spruce forest planted for nearly 30 years. Through the investigation of the density of soil fauna in five forest types, using PCA ranking and variance analysis, The results showed that the soil animal community density of Pinus tabulaeformis and Larix kaempferi was 3.0 and 2.1 times of that of the secondary forest, and the ratio of consumers to decomposers in the soil animal community of Pinus tabulaeformis and Larix kaempferi plantation Significantly higher than that of secondary forest, Pinus tabulaeformis forest and Larix kaempferi plantation / decomposer. The ratios of soil animal community structure in different plantations were significantly different. The animal community density was 4.5 and 3.1 times higher than that of the rough spruce forest, while that of the Pinus tabulaeformis forest was Rough spruce forest 1.5 times.