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以辽北地区水稻品种铁粳9号为试材,分析了水稻产量及氮素利用率对氮素调控的响应。结果表明:同一基蘖穗肥比例下,随施氮量增加,有效穗数增加,千粒重降低,总吸氮量提高,氮素生理利用率和氮素收获指数降低,氮素回收率以中氮水平居高;同一施氮量下,前氮后移有利于提高有效穗数、千粒重和产量,总吸氮量、氮素回收率和氮素收获指数增加,氮素生理利用率降低;施氮量210 kg/hm2、基肥∶蘖肥∶穗肥为4∶3∶3是最佳氮素调控模式,其产量达到最高为9494.8 kg/hm2,较其他施氮处理提高0.6%~10.6%;适宜施氮量和前氮后移,能够协调产量构成因素,增加产量,提高氮素利用效率,降本增效。
Taking the rice variety Tiejing 9 in northern Liaoning as the test material, the responses of rice yield and nitrogen utilization rate to nitrogen regulation were analyzed. The results showed that under the same ratio of tiller and panicle, the effective panicle number increased, the 1000-grain weight decreased, the total nitrogen uptake increased, the nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen harvest index decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. At the same nitrogen application, pre-N transfer was beneficial to increase panicle number, 1000-grain weight and yield, total nitrogen uptake, nitrogen recovery and nitrogen harvest index increased, nitrogen physiological utilization rate decreased; The optimum nitrogen management pattern was 210 kg / hm2, basal fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: panicle fertilizer was 4: 3: 3, and its yield was up to 9494.8 kg / hm2, which was 0.6% -10.6% higher than other treatments. The amount of nitrogen applied and the amount of pre-nitrogen moved backwards, which could coordinate yield components, increase yield, improve nitrogen utilization efficiency and reduce cost and increase efficiency.