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目的：探讨Ｐ５３基因点突变检测在乳腺癌预后判断中的意义。方法：应用聚合酶链反应———单链构像多态性（ＰＣＲＳＳＣＰ）方法对３５例乳腺癌患者的Ｐ５３基因位点的点突变进行检测。结果：３例出现点突变，经ＤＮＡ序列分析，１例为第１３６密码子ＣＡＡ（Ｇｌｎ）被ＣＡＧ（Ｇｌｎ）替代，１例为第２２７密码子ＴＣＴ（Ｓｅｒ）被ＧＣＴ（Ａｌａ）替代，１例为第２７３密码子ＣＧＴ（Ａｒｇ）被ＣＡＴ（Ｈｉｓ）替代。结论：Ｐ５３基因突变可能是引起乳腺癌分化不良的因素之一，并可能预示着乳腺癌预后较差。
Objective: To explore the significance of detection of P53 gene point mutation in prognosis of breast cancer. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction--single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) was used to detect point mutations of P53 gene in 35 breast cancer patients. RESULTS: Three cases showed point mutations. DNA sequence analysis showed that one case had the 136th codon CAA (Gln) replaced by CAG (Gln) and one case had the 227th codon TCT (Ser) replaced by GCT (Ala), 1 For example, the 273th codon CGT(Arg) is replaced by CAT(His). Conclusion: P53 gene mutation may be one of the factors causing malignancy of breast cancer, and may indicate poor prognosis of breast cancer.