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目的:观察犬暴露在高温高湿环境下,其生命指标变化及其热衰竭死亡后脑组织病理学改变特点。方法:选用市售杂种犬11只,分为常温对照组犤温度(22.20±1.30)℃,相对湿度<60%犦6只和高温高湿暴晒组犤温度(58.20±6.90)℃,相对湿度39%～52%,辐射热强度≥4.184J/(cm2·min)犦5只,观察两组动物实验前30min和实验后2h体温、呼吸和心率变化,及抽血行血气分析检测,并收集脑组织标本进行组织病理学检查。结果:两组比较,晒前30min两者差异无显著性意义,晒后1h高温高湿暴晒组动物体温升高10.18℃左右(t=-14.35,P=0.00)呼吸频率增加116.60次/min(t=-8.11,P=0.00)呈显著增高,二氧化碳分压、碳酸氢根离子、血浆二氧化碳总量明显降低(P皆<0.05),而氧分压、剩余碱、动脉血氧饱和度及pH值变化无显著性意义(P>0.05),其平均生存时间为74min,死亡后脑组织细胞结构疏松、神经元明显减少,伴有脑组织内斑片状出血。结论:高温高湿环境对犬脑组织有明显损害作用。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of vital signs and the pathological changes of brain tissue after death from heat exhaustion in dogs exposed to high temperature and high humidity. Methods: Eleven commercial dogs were selected and divided into four groups at room temperature (22.20 ± 1.30) ℃, relative humidity <60% 犦 6 and temperature and humidity (58.20 ± 6.90) ℃ and relative humidity 39 % ~ 52%, radiant heat intensity ≥4.184J / (cm2 · min) 犦 5, two groups of animals were observed 30min before and 2h after the experiment body temperature, respiration and heart rate changes, Tissue specimens for histopathological examination. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups at 30 min. The body temperature increased about 10.18 ℃ (t = -14.35, P = 0.00) and the respiratory rate increased 116.60 times / min in the high temperature and high humidity exposure group t = -8.11, P = 0.00), the partial pressure of carbon dioxide, the total amount of bicarbonate ion and plasma carbon dioxide decreased significantly (P <0.05), while the partial pressure of oxygen, residual alkali, arterial oxygen saturation and pH (P> 0.05). The average survival time was 74 min. After death, the cell structure of the brain tissue became loose and the number of neurons decreased significantly, accompanied by patchy intracerebral hemorrhage. Conclusion: High temperature and high humidity can significantly damage the canine brain tissue.