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长期以来,在体育教学和训练中,常常可以看到这样一幅情景。教师手扶膝关节,作半屈位的绕环运动,学生跟着练习。由于教师没有向学生说明活动这个关节所要注意的事项,结果,学生以为绕环幅度越大越能活动开膝关节,却不知,绕环幅度越大,对关节的损伤也越大。膝关节不是双轴关节,不能作旋转运动。膝关节属于滑车关节,决定它只能作屈伸运动。由于膝关节有其自身的解剖特性,决定它在半屈位可以作轻微的旋转动作。它的关节囊较为松驰,关节两侧附有侧副韧带,伸膝时侧副韧带紧张。起加固稳定膝关节的作用;而半屈位时,侧副韧带松驰,只能允许胫骨作少许旋内、旋外运动,不能作大幅度的绕环运动。否则,胫骨的上关节窝和股骨的下关节面会不同程度地对半月板产生挤压,关节的韧带组织也会受到轻度挤
For a long time, in physical education and training, you can often see such a scene. Teachers hand knee, half-flexor winding movement, students follow practice. As the teacher did not explain to students the activities of this joint should pay attention to the matter, the results, the students think that the greater the degree of around the ring more activities to open the knee, but I do not know, the greater the degree of the wound, the greater the damage to the joints. Knee joint is not biaxial, can not make rotational movement. Knee joint belongs to the pulley, decided to make it only for flexion and extension movements. As the knee has its own anatomical features, it is determined that it can be slightly rotated in half flexion. Its joint capsule is more relaxed, with collateral ligaments on both sides of the joint, knee extension when the collateral ligament tension. From the role of reinforcement and stability of the knee; and flexion, the collateral ligament relaxation, only to allow a small rotation of the tibia, spin, can not make a substantial degree of orbital motion. Otherwise, the supratentorial tibia and femur lower articular surface will produce different degrees of extrusion on the meniscus, joint ligament tissue will be slightly crowded