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语句中连接主语和表语的动词被称为系动词。être是法语中典型的系动词,本身不具有其他的语义内容。此外还有一些动词从语法层面讲也具有être“相关联”的功能,但从语义层面讲,又比être多一层意思,我们称这些动词为“半系动词”。另外还有些动词也具有être“相关联”的功能,但语言结构更为复杂,可以在“更窄的意义上”或“有条件地”充当系动词,我们把这些处在系动词范畴最边缘的动词称为“准系动词”。半系动词和准系动词也可被统称为“属性动词”。
The verb that connects the subject and the idiom in a sentence is called a verb. être is a typical French verb, itself does not have other semantic content. In addition, there are some verbs that have the function of être “related ” from a grammatical level, but they are more semantic than etre. We call these verbs “semi-verbs.” In addition, some verbs also have the function of être “associated ”, but the language structure is more complex and can act as verbs in “narrower ” or “conditionally ”, The most verb in the category of verbs is called “prospective verb”. Semi-verbs and quasi-verbs can also be collectively referred to as “property verbs.”