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超低温保存是指在-80℃以下的超低温中保存种质资源的一套生物学技术。超低温保存介质或容器有干冰(-79℃)、超低温冰箱(-80℃～-150℃)、液氮(-196℃)和液氮蒸汽相(-140℃)等,其中液氮最为常用。超低温保存(Cryopreservation)技术是目前唯一可行的、不需继代的长期保存方式。1.超低温保存原理生物细胞在降温过程中,随着温度的降低,细胞外介质结冰,而细胞内尚未结冰,造成细胞内外蒸汽压力差。只要降温速率不超过脱水
Cryopreservation refers to a set of biological techniques for preserving germplasm at cryogenic temperatures below -80 ° C. Ultra-low temperature storage medium or container with dry ice (-79 ℃), ultra-low temperature refrigerator (-80 ℃ ~ -150 ℃), liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃) and liquid nitrogen vapor phase (-140 ℃), of which liquid nitrogen is the most commonly used. Cryopreservation technology is the only viable, long-term preservation method that does not require sub-generation. 1. Principle of cryopreservation Biological cells in the cooling process, with the decrease of temperature, the extracellular medium freezes, but the cells have not frozen, resulting in intracellular pressure difference between inside and outside the steam. As long as the cooling rate does not exceed dehydration