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微生物可以作用于烃类物质是早已知道的事实。Sohngen在1906年和1913年分别报导微生物可以利用甲烷和液态或固态烃作为唯一的碳源和能源。以后大量的工作发现具有氧化烃类化合物的能力的微生物不下百余种,几乎到处存在,对自然界烃类物质的循环,起了重要的作用。随着石油工业的发展,人们发现在原油的开采及其产品的炼制、输送、贮存及使用过程中微生物有很大的破坏性,诸如促使原油自然耗损、设备腐
The fact that microbes can act on hydrocarbon substances is already known. Sohngen reported in 1906 and 1913 that microorganisms could use methane and liquid or solid hydrocarbons as the sole source of carbon and energy. After a large number of work found that the capacity of oxidized hydrocarbons with no less than a hundred species of microorganisms, almost everywhere, on the natural circulation of hydrocarbons played an important role. With the development of the petroleum industry, people have found that microorganisms are greatly destructive during the process of crude oil exploitation and the refining, transportation, storage and use of their products, such as natural depletion of crude oil, equipment rot