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目的分析甘肃省白银市2010—2013年国家哨点医院流感样病例(ILI)监测结果,掌握本地区流行性感冒的流行趋势及病毒株变化特点,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法收集哨点医院ILI就诊数、门急诊病例总数,采集ILI咽拭子进行核酸检测,使用Excel 2003和SPSS 19.0统计软件分析ILI分年度、诊室、年龄段分布及ILI核酸检测情况。结果 4年ILI就诊百分比(ILI%)比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=193.678,P=0.000),ILI%最高的年份为2013年,为1.58%,最高的月份是12月,最低在8月,就诊比例最高诊室是儿内科急诊,占5.21%,年龄分布主要集中在15岁以下儿童,占65.03%;4年核酸检测阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=154.680,P=0.000),阳性率最高的是2012年,为26.37%;甲型H1N1型流感病毒构成比逐年上升(χ2趋势=58.773,P=0.000);分月核酸检测阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=646.743,P=0.000),阳性率最高的是11月,为50.39%;5个年龄组核酸检测阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=143.568,P=0.000),阳性率最高的是15~24岁组,为36.04%。结论白银市流感发病呈冬春季高峰且冬季流感来临较早,儿童和青少年是防控重点人群,甲型H1N1型流感近4年病毒活性逐年上升。
Objective To analyze the surveillance results of influenza-like illness (ILI) at National Sentinel Hospital from 2010 to 2013 in Baiyin, Gansu Province. To master the prevalence trend of influenza and the characteristics of the virus strains in this area, and to provide basis for prevention and control measures. Methods The total number of ILI visits and outpatient and emergency department in sentinel hospitals was collected. Throat swabs were collected for nucleic acid detection. Excel 2003 and SPSS 19.0 were used to analyze the distribution of ILI, clinic, age distribution and ILI detection. Results The ILI% of 4-year follow-up was significantly different (χ2 = 193.678, P = 0.000). The highest ILI% was 2013, 1.58%, the highest was December and the lowest was August , Accounting for 5.21%. The age distribution mainly concentrated in children under 15 years old, accounting for 65.03%. The positive rate of nucleic acid detection in 4 years was significantly different (χ2 = 154.680, P = 0.000) The highest positive rate was 26.37% in 2012; the constituent ratio of influenza A (H1N1) virus increased year by year (χ2 trend = 58.773, P = 0.000); the positive rate of monthly nucleic acid detection was statistically significant (χ2 = 646.743, P = 0.000). The highest positive rate was 50.39% in November. The positive rate of nucleic acid in 5 age groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 143.568, P = 0.000), and the highest positive rate was 15-24 years Group, 36.04%. Conclusion The prevalence of influenza in Baiyin City is at the peak in winter and spring, and the onset of flu in winter is earlier. Children and adolescents are the key population for prevention and control. The virus activity of influenza A (H1N1) virus has been increasing year by year in recent 4 years.