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国有企业改革是我国体制转轨的重中之重,从1979-1982年的扩权让利,1983-1986年的利改税,1986-1991年的承包经营责任制, 1992-1993年试行股份制到1994年至今建立现代企业制度,国企改革浅层次问题基本得到解决,经济效益有所改善。就国有和国有控股企业实现利润指标来看,2000年的2392亿比1996年的712亿增长三倍还多。但随着改革的不断推进,国有企业改革和发展愈发面临许多深层次问题的阻挠,大量的理论问题和实践问题尚待解决。
The reform of state-owned enterprises is the top priority of the system transition in our country. From the expansion of power in 1979-1982, the reform of profits and taxes in 1983-1986, the system of contractual management in 1986-1991, the trial of shareholding in 1992-1993 to 1994 The establishment of a modern enterprise system so far has basically solved the problem of shallow reform of state-owned enterprises and improved economic efficiency. In terms of profit targets for state-owned and state-controlled enterprises, the amount of 239.2 billion in 2000 more than tripled from 71.2 billion in 1996. However, with the continuous promotion of reform, the reform and development of state-owned enterprises have been increasingly obstructed by many deep-seated problems. A great deal of theoretical and practical problems have yet to be solved.