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对石油污染滩涂区域不同高程表层沉积物和部分垂直剖面沉积物进行采样分析,分别采用紫外分光光度法和气相色谱质谱联用法测定了沉积物中的TPH(总石油烃)和16种优控PAHs(多环芳烃),分析其组成分布特征,并进行了源解析。结果表明:中低潮滩表层沉积物中TPH质量比在15.20~63.27 mg/kg,与对照点质量比水平相当,远低于《海洋沉积物质量标准》(1 000 mg/kg),PAHs均未检出;高潮滩表层沉积物中TPH质量比在1 070.00~46 327.20 mg/kg,显著高于对照点和相应中低潮滩沉积物中污染物质量比,部分点位严重超出《海洋沉积物质量标准》,PAHs质量比在0.60~30.90 mg/kg,多数点位属于重度污染;3号点和7号点高潮滩垂直剖面样品中TPH和PAHs质量比呈现随深度增加而降低的趋势,9号点则相反;高潮滩沉积物中TPH和PAHs质量比之间呈显著正相关关系(Pearson相关系数r为0.985,p<0.01),具有同源性;各点位TPH均以C17~C36质量分数最高,其占比为80.15%~94.40%,PAHs组成均以2~3环为主,占比为58.14%~87.70%,低环PAHs以萘、芴和菲为主要污染物。TPH和PAHs组分特征表明,研究区域的滩涂沉积物受到了重油污染影响。
Samples of sediments from different elevations and vertical sections of sediment from different elevation tidal flat areas in the oil pollution tidal flat area were sampled and analyzed. The contents of TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons) and 16 kinds of optimally controlled PAHs in sediments were determined by UV spectrophotometry and GC / MS, respectively (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), analyzed its composition distribution characteristics, and carried out source analysis. The results showed that the mass ratio of TPH in the surface sediments of low-tide beach ranged from 15.20 to 63.27 mg / kg, which was much lower than the quality standard of marine sediment (1 000 mg / kg), and none of PAHs The TPH mass ratio in the surface sediments of high tide beach was between 1 070.00 and 46 327.20 mg / kg, which was significantly higher than that of the control and corresponding low-tide beach sediments. Some of the sites exceeded the “mass of marine sediments Standard ”. The mass ratio of PAHs was between 0.60 and 30.90 mg / kg, most of them were heavily polluted. The mass ratio of TPH and PAHs in the vertical section of high tide beach at sites 3 and 7 tended to decrease with the increase of depth. On the contrary, there was a significant positive correlation between TPH and PAHs mass ratio in the sediments of high tide beach (Pearson correlation coefficient r was 0.985, p <0.01), with homology; Which accounted for 80.15% ~ 94.40%. PAHs were mainly composed of 2 ~ 3 rings, accounting for 58.14% ~ 87.70%. Low naphthalene, fluorene and phenanthrene were the main pollutants in PAHs. The characteristics of the TPH and PAHs components indicate that tidal flat sediments in the study area were affected by heavy oil contamination.