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综述了硅铝酸盐类、固体超强酸、离子交换树脂、杂多酸以及无机氯化物和硫酸盐等五类固体酸催化剂在催化合成缩醛 (酮 )中的应用和研究进展。通过活性比较发现硅铝酸盐类通过增大骨架硅铝比 ,可增强酸中心强度 ,使缩醛(酮 )反应更顺利进行 ;无机盐的酸中心强度与电负性与离子半径之比的大小成一致关系 ,且酸强度越大 ,缩醛 (酮 )的催化合成越容易进行。
The application and research progress of five kinds of solid acid catalysts, such as aluminosilicate, solid superacid, ion exchange resin, heteropoly acid and inorganic chloride and sulfate, for the synthesis of acetal (ketone) are reviewed. Through activity comparison, it was found that the aluminosilicate can increase the center strength of the acid and increase the reaction of the acetal (ketone) more smoothly by increasing the Si / Al ratio of the framework. The ratio of the acid center strength and the electronegativity to the ionic radius The size of a consistent relationship, and the greater the acid strength, acetal (keto) catalytic synthesis more easily.