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目的了解重庆市婴幼儿体质指数(body mass index,BMI)分布情况,探讨高BMI相关因素。方法选取2010年1月1日至2014年11月1日期间在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院儿童保健科进行体质量、身长等保健检查的7个月至2岁婴幼儿共31 902例(男童17 511例,女童14 391例)为研究对象,并记录社会人口统计学、出生情况及喂养情况等信息,采用χ2检验、Pearson相关分析及多因素logistic回归模型进行分析。结果 7个月至2岁婴幼儿高BMI检出率为16.1%,男、女童分别为18.1%(3 175/17 511)和13.5%(1 948/14 391),男童检出率高于女童(P<0.01)。市区、巨大儿、剖宫产、父母文化程度高、部分母乳喂养婴幼儿高BMI的检出率较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归模型分析显示,年龄、性别、地区、出生体质量、分娩方式、胎龄以及父母文化程度与高BMI有关(P<0.01)。结论出生体质量、分娩方式、年龄、性别、胎龄、父母文化程度以及地区是婴幼儿高BMI状态的相关因素,预防儿童肥胖应从多方面控制。
Objective To understand the distribution of body mass index (BMI) in infants and young children in Chongqing and to explore the related factors of high BMI. Methods From January 1, 2010 to November 1, 2014, a total of 31 902 infants and young children aged 7 months to 2 years (body weight, length and other health checkups) were enrolled in the Child Health Care Section of Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University 17 511 cases and 14 391 girls) as the research subjects, and recorded the information of social demography, birth situation and feeding status, and analyzed by χ2 test, Pearson correlation analysis and multivariate logistic regression model. Results The detection rate of high BMI was 16.1% in infants from 7 months to 2 years old, 18.1% (3 175/17 511) and 13.5% (1948/14 391) respectively in boys and girls, and higher in boys Girls (P <0.01). The detection rate of high BMI was higher in urban areas, giant children, cesarean section and parents with high educational attainment, and some differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, gender, location, birth weight, mode of delivery, gestational age, and parental education were associated with high BMI (P <0.01). Conclusion The birth weight, mode of delivery, age, sex, gestational age, educational background of parents and regions are related factors of high BMI in infants and young children. Prevention of childhood obesity should be controlled in many aspects.