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目的:研究半夏块茎腐烂病的病原和控制该病害的发生,为半夏栽培提供依据。方法:分离鉴定采用柯赫氏法则,菌丝生长条件采用2因子饱和D-最优设计,室内药效比较采用菌丝生长速率法。结果:形态学观察和致病性测定表明,引起半夏块茎腐烂病的病原物为尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum;F.oxysporum菌丝生长的适宜温度为15~30℃,最适温度为21.9℃,适宜pH为6~8,最适pH7.2;室内药效比较表明,70%甲基托布津和58%甲霜灵锰锌对F.oxysporum菌丝生长的抑制效果最好,EC50分别为0.002 7,0.066 2 g.L-1。结论:明确了半夏块茎腐烂病病原,为该病害的防治提供了依据。
OBJECTIVE: To study the pathogen of tuber rot in Pinellia ternata and to control the occurrence of the disease, providing the basis for the cultivation of Pinellia ternata. Methods: The Koch’s rule was used for isolation and identification. The mycelial growth conditions were optimized with 2-factor saturation D-optimal design. The indoor efficacy was compared with mycelium growth rate method. Results: Morphological observation and pathogenicity test showed that the pathogen of tuber rot disease of Pinellia ternate was Fusarium oxysporum, the suitable temperature for the growth of F. oxysporum was 15-30 ℃ and the optimum temperature was 21.9 ℃ , The optimum pH is 6 ~ 8, the optimum pH7.2; indoor efficacy comparison shows that 70% methyl thiophanate and 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc mycelial growth inhibition F.oxysporum best EC50 0.002 7,0.066 2 gL-1. Conclusion: The pathogen of tuberous stem rot in Pinellia ternata was clarified, which provided the basis for the prevention and cure of this disease.