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[目的]探讨中国食管癌死亡特征。[方法]对1990年～1992年全国1/10人口死因抽样调查资料中食管癌的死亡情况进行分析。[结果]1990年～1992年 ,我国食管癌死亡率为17.38/10万,其中男性22.14/10万 ,女性12.34/10万。食管癌死亡占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的16.05% ,居第四位 (男性第四位 ,女性第二位 ) ,是严重危害我国居民生命的恶性肿瘤。我国农村居民食管癌死亡率为20.10/10万 ,城镇居民为9.62/10万 ;食管癌死亡分别占农村和城市全部肿瘤死亡的18.83%和8.55%。以省级为单位统计 ,食管癌死亡率在1.41/10万～42.46/10万之间 ,山西省的食管癌死亡率最高 ,是全国平均水平的2.5倍 ,云南省最低 ,是全国平均水平的8%。以县 (市 )级为单位统计 ,食管癌死亡率在0.22/10万～127.93/10万之间 ,山西省阳城县的食管癌死亡率最高 ,是全国平均水平的7.4倍 ;贵州省凯里市最低 ,是全国平均水平的1.3%。[结论]食管癌是严重危害中国居民生命的重要恶性肿瘤之一 ,食管癌死亡对我国居民的危害程度为男性高于女性、农村高于城市
[Objective] To investigate the death characteristics of esophageal cancer in China. [Method] The mortality of esophageal cancer in the sample survey of one tenth of the population from 1990 to 1992 in China was analyzed. [Results] From 1990 to 1992, the death rate of esophageal cancer was 17.38 / 100 000 in our country, including 22.14 / 100000 males and 12.34 / 100000 females. Esophageal cancer deaths accounted for 16.05% of all cancer deaths, ranking fourth (fourth for males and second for females), which is a malignant tumor that seriously endangers the lives of Chinese residents. The death rate of esophageal cancer in rural residents in our country was 20.10 / 100,000, and that of urban residents was 9.62 / 100,000. The death of esophageal cancer accounted for 18.83% and 8.55% of the total tumor deaths in rural and urban areas respectively. Provincial-level statistics, the death rate of esophageal cancer in the 1.41 / 100,000 to 42.46 / 100,000, Shanxi Province, the highest mortality rate of esophageal cancer is 2.5 times the national average, the lowest in Yunnan Province, is the national average 8%. The county (city) level as a unit of statistics, esophageal cancer mortality of 0.22 / 100,000 to 127.93 / 100,000, Yangcheng County, Shanxi Province, the highest mortality rate of esophageal cancer, the national average of 7.4 times; Guizhou Province Kay The lowest in the city is 1.3% of the national average. [Conclusion] Esophageal cancer is one of the important malignant tumors that seriously endanger the lives of Chinese residents. The death of esophageal cancer is more harmful to the residents of our country than that of females, and higher in rural areas than in urban areas