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以黄土丘陵区的延河流域为研究区域,分析了3个时期(雨季前、雨季中、雨季后)不同土地利用类型对土壤水分动态的影响。结果表明:在水平层面、垂直剖面上土地利用类型对土壤水分动态有着显著的影响,农耕地土壤水分含量最高,并且对土壤水分含量影响最为明显,使其保持在一个较高的水平;其次是天然草地、撂荒地、乔木林地、果园用地和幼林地;含量最低的为灌木林地。在垂直剖面上,雨季前干旱期为递增型;雨季中湿润期为递减型和波动型;雨季后半湿润期为先减后增型。从总体趋势上来看,土壤水分的时空格局与降雨季节变化、植物蒸腾作用以及土地耕作利用方式密切相关。在延河流域,土地利用方式对土壤水分在不同的季节都具有显著性的影响。在该流域的管理中,应充分考虑不同土地利用类型对土壤水分的影响,优化土地利用结构,使流域的治理达到最优。
Taking the Yanhe basin in the loess hilly region as the research area, the effects of different land use types on soil moisture dynamics in three periods (before, during and after the rainy season) were analyzed. The results showed that the type of land use had a significant effect on the soil moisture dynamics at the horizontal and vertical profiles. The soil moisture content of the cultivated land was the highest, and the soil moisture content was the most obvious, keeping it at a high level. Secondly, Natural grassland, fallow land, arbor forest land, orchard land and young forest land; the lowest is shrubbery land. In the vertical section, the drought period before the rainy season is an increasing type; the wetting period is decreasing type and fluctuating type in the rainy season; From the overall trend, the spatio-temporal pattern of soil moisture is closely related to the seasonal changes of rainfall, the transpiration of plants and the ways of land cultivation and utilization. In the Yanhe River Basin, land use patterns have a significant impact on soil moisture in different seasons. In the management of the river basin, the impacts of different land use types on soil moisture should be fully considered, and the land use structure should be optimized so as to optimize the management of the river basin.