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磷酸钾是一种高养分含量的肥料,其中的磷和钾均是作物生长必须的营养元素,长期施用不会对土壤造成不利的影响。通过氯化钾与净化后的磷酸一铵共同加热反应,对Cl~-的脱除较为彻底,产物为低氯磷酸钾和氯化铵。试验表明:温度高于200℃、反应时间超过2 h、氯化钾与磷酸一铵的配料质量比小于1.5时,Cl~-脱除率均在90%以上,产物中Cl~-含量低于3%(质量分数)。其中温度对Cl~-的脱除影响最大,而且较高的温度可以制备较高养分含量的磷酸钾。最佳反应条件为:净化磷酸一铵晶体取20.00 g时,氯化钾10.00 g,反应温度320℃,反应时间4 h,所得磷酸钾总养分质量分数为88.17%,含Cl~-质量分数0.09%,Cl~-脱除率99.61%。
Potassium phosphate is a high-nutrient fertilizer in which both phosphorus and potassium are essential nutrients for crop growth and long-term application does not adversely affect the soil. By potassium chloride and purified monoammonium phosphate heated together, the removal of Cl ~ - more thoroughly, the product is low potassium chloride and ammonium chloride. The results show that when the mass ratio of potassium chloride to monoammonium phosphate is less than 1.5, the removal rate of Cl ~ is over 90% at the temperature higher than 200 ℃ and the reaction time is over 2 h, the content of Cl ~ - in the product is lower than 3% (mass fraction). Among them, the temperature has the greatest effect on the removal of Cl ~ -, and the higher temperature can prepare potassium phosphate with higher nutrient content. The optimal reaction conditions were as follows: the total mass fraction of potassium phosphate was 88.17%, the mass fraction of Cl ~ - 0.09 was 10.9%, the reaction temperature was 320 ℃, the reaction time was 4 h, %, Cl ~ - removal rate of 99.61%.