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无赖群体是乡村社会的共生体,在乡村社会长期存在。1949年新政权成立以前,乡村公共秩序空间内,对无赖的约束主要依靠乡村中自发形成的习惯以及内生的权威领袖来维持。1949年以后,国家政权史无前例地深入乡村,村庄内生的控制机制发生了深刻变动。在山西A村,集体化时期,代表国家权威的队社组织对村庄无赖的不轨行为起了重要的约束作用。改革开放以来,传统的对无赖的约束机制丧失,代表国家的集体化时期的权威不复存在。新的乡村自治组织自治力不足,乡镇政府“逆向问责”制度的运行逻辑使其与基层社会疏离,对无赖群体“消极不作为”。乡村社会秩序处于近乎裸露的状态,无赖痞棍异常活跃。
The rogue group is a symbiotic body of rural society and exists for a long time in rural society. Prior to the establishment of the new regime in 1949, the constraints on rogue areas in rural public order spaces were mainly sustained by spontaneous habits in the villages and by endogenous authorities. After 1949, the state power went deeply into the countryside in an unprecedented manner, and profound changes have taken place in the control mechanism of the village’s endogenous life. In village A in Shanxi Province, during the collectivization period, the team organization that represented the authority of the state played an important role in restraining the irregular behavior of the village rogue. Since the reform and opening up, the traditional restraint mechanism for the rogue has been lost and the authority that represents the country’s collectivization period has ceased to exist. The autonomy of the new village self-governing organizations is not enough, and the operation logic of the township government and the system of “reverse accountability” makes them alienated from the grass-roots society and the “passive negligence” of the rogue groups. The rural social order is in an almost naked state, and the rogue bandit is unusually active.