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【目的】探讨微血管密度（MVD）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在前列腺癌组织中表达及意义。【方法】选取本院2007～2012年收治的56例前列腺癌患者为观察组，30例良性前列腺增生患者为对照组。应用免疫组织化学法检测患者前列腺组织中VEGF及MVD的表达情况，并对MVD、VEGF表达水平与肿瘤转移关系进行分析比较。【结果】观察组组织中VEGF及MVD的表达均明显高于对照组，且二者相比较差异均有显著性（ P＜0．01）；在肿瘤不同TNM分期和有无淋巴结转移前列腺癌患者中VEGF及MVD表达相比较差异有显著性（ P ＜0．05）。【结论】VEGF参与了前列腺癌患者的血管再生过程，与前列腺癌的生长及淋巴结转移密切相关，VEGF及MVD可作为判断前列腺癌预后的重要参考指标。“,”[Objective] To explore the expression of microvessel density (M VD ) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in tissues of prostate cancer and its significance .[Methods] Totally 56 patients with prostate cancer in our hospital from 2007 to 2012 were selected as case group ,while 30 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were selected as control group .Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the ex-pression of VEGF and MVD .The correlation of MVD and VEGF with tumor metastasis was analyzed .[Re-sults] The expression of MVD and VEGF in prostate cancer was obviously higher than that in benign prostatic hyperplasia ,and there was significant difference between two groups ( P <0 .01) .There was also significant difference in the expression of MVD and VEGF between different TNM stage and lymphatic metastasis ( P <0 .05) .[Conclusion] VEGF participates in the angiogenesis of patients with prostate cancer ,and is closely re-lated with tumor growth and lymph node metastasis .VEGF and MVD may be the important reference indica-tors of the prognosis of prostate cancer .