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为解决我国磷矿资源短缺、水体富营养化污染严重、农业源磷排放量大的问题,回收养殖废水中流失的磷,可以将磷养分人工循环利用与环境污染控制合二为一。介绍了磷酸铵镁的结晶原理、影响因素、结晶工艺及作为肥料的应用现状,叙述了过饱和度对磷酸铵镁结晶机理的影响,并讨论了镁磷比、p H、杂质离子、晶种和结晶器类型对磷去除率、晶型和晶粒的影响。展望了磷酸铵镁结晶法回收养殖废水中磷的前景,认为应将养殖废水中有机磷转化为无机磷后再处理,通过改变磷酸铵镁表面电动电势从而增大晶体粒度,要加强磷酸铵镁作为肥料的环境毒理性评价。
In order to solve the problem of shortage of phosphate rock resources, serious eutrophication of water body and large amount of phosphorus sourced from agricultural sources in our country, recycling of phosphorus lost in aquaculture wastewater can combine the artificial recycling of phosphorus nutrients with environmental pollution control. The crystallization principle, influencing factors, crystallization process and the application status as fertilizer are introduced. The effect of supersaturation on the crystallization mechanism of magnesium ammonium phosphate is described. The effects of Mg / P ratio, p H, impurity ions, seeds And the effect of mold type on phosphorus removal, crystal form and grain size. The prospect of recovery of phosphorus in aquaculture wastewater by crystallization of ammonium magnesium phosphate is prospected. It is suggested that the organic phosphorus in aquaculture wastewater should be converted into inorganic phosphorus and then be treated. By changing the electromotive potential of ammonium magnesium phosphate to increase the crystal size, ammonium magnesium phosphate Environmental toxicological evaluation as a fertilizer.