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研究了４种特征有机污染物在大连近海海水中生物降解的动力学；通过在天然海水中分别加入有机物苯、硝基苯、苯胺和苯酚，实验测定了它们在０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ、０．３ｍｇ／Ｌ、０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ及１ｍｇ／Ｌ等几组不同浓度下的ＢＯＤ及其历时曲线．根据实验结果，经数据处理，得到各有机物的生物降解动力学参数Ｋ和Ｌ０．应用一级反应动力学表示的ＢＯＤ数学模式Ｙ＝Ｌ０（１－１０Ｋｔ）较好表达了ＢＯＤ随时间的变化规律，计算结果与实测值拟合较好．文中还分析讨论了有机物化学结构、浓度、溶解度等对生物降解速率的影响，认为化学结构是影响生物降解的主要因素
The kinetics of biodegradation of four kinds of characteristic organic pollutants in offshore seawater of Dalian was studied. The organic pollutants such as benzene, nitrobenzene, aniline and phenol were respectively measured in natural seawater at 0.1mg / L. 3mg / L, 0.5mg / L and 1mg / L and other groups at different concentrations of BOD and its duration curve. According to the experimental results, the biodegradation kinetic parameters K and L0 of each organism were obtained after data processing. The BOD mathematical model expressed by the first-order reaction kinetics, Y = L0 (1-10Kt), better expresses the variation law of BOD with time, and the calculated result fits well with the measured value. The article also analyzes and discusses the organic chemical structure, concentration, solubility and other biodegradation rate, that the chemical structure is the main factor affecting biodegradation