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60只雄性Fisher断乳大鼠分为6组,第1、2、3组喂以适硒饲料(硒含量0.5ppm),第4、5、6组喂低硒饲料(硒含量0.02ppm)。10周后开始第2、5及3、6组动物分别经尾静脉注射0.5及1mg/kg体重亚得利亚霉素(称低剂量组及高剂量组),每周一次,共12次。第1、4组注射生理盐水为对照。 实验过程中动物无死亡。第2及3组体重增长分别显著高于5、6组。肾病变检出率低剂量组内低硒组显著高于适硒组。病变特点为曲管扩张,内含蛋白管型。高剂量组心肌病变严重程度缺硒组高于适硒组。心肌病变特点为实质细胞空泡变性、溶解和萎缩。超微结构观察心肌细胞最主要病变是由肌浆网扩张所引起的不同程度空泡变性,对照组未见任何异常。本次实验表明适量硒对亚得利亚霉素所致肾病变有明显的保护作用,对心肌病变亦有保护作用。
Sixty male Fisher weanling rats were divided into 6 groups. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd groups were fed suitable selenium (selenium content 0.5ppm), and the 4th, 5th and 6th groups were fed low selenium (selenium content 0.02ppm). After 10 weeks, animals in groups 2, 5 and 3 and 6 began to receive 0.5 and 1 mg/kg body weight of Adriamycin (namely, low-dose group and high-dose group) via tail vein once a week for 12 times. Groups 1 and 4 were injected with saline as a control. No animal died during the experiment. The weight gain of the 2nd and 3rd groups was significantly higher than that of the 5th and 6th groups, respectively. The detection rate of renal lesions in the low-dose group was significantly higher in the selenium group than in the selenium-supplemented group. The lesions are characterized by dilatation of the curved tube and the inclusion of a protein tube. In the high-dose group, the severity of myocardial lesions in selenium group was higher than that in selenium group. Cardiomyopathy is characterized by vacuolar degeneration, dissolution, and atrophy of parenchymal cells. The ultrastructural observation of the main lesions of cardiomyocytes was caused by the expansion of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and there was no abnormality in the control group. This experiment shows that the appropriate amount of selenium has a significant protective effect on the kidney disease caused by Adriamycin, and also has a protective effect on myocardial lesions.