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改革的大潮把中国企业由国家行政机构的附属物推向独立自主、自负盈亏的经济实体。中国企业除了其社会性的一面之外,越来越显示出它的自主性。商品经济中的企业都有其两面性。一方面,企业作为社会经济的一个细胞,以其产品服务和税利为社会提供财富,另一方面,企业要负担其成员的生活和福利,要维持自己的生存和成长。履行社会责任,保障职工利益,这二者的共同基础在于企业的盈利,在于企业的旺盛活力和稳定发展。几年来承包经营责任制的推行,使中国企业的自主性明显突出了。它的主要缺陷之一是承包期内,企业的行为容易短期化。承包者(或个人、或
The tide of reform has pushed Chinese companies from the appendages of state administrative agencies to independent, self-financing economic entities. In addition to their social aspects, Chinese enterprises have increasingly demonstrated their autonomy. Companies in the commodity economy have two aspects. On the one hand, as a social and economic cell, enterprises provide wealth to the society through their product services and taxation. On the other hand, companies must support the lives and welfare of their members and must maintain their own survival and growth. Fulfilling social responsibilities and safeguarding the interests of employees are the common basis for the profitability of the company and the vigor and stability of the company. The implementation of the contract responsibility system in recent years has made the autonomy of Chinese companies outstanding. One of its major drawbacks is that during the contracting period, the company’s behavior is likely to be short-term. Contractor (or individual, or