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目的探讨三氯乙烯(trichloroethylene,TCE)对大鼠视网膜组织的脂质过氧化损伤效应及诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)表达的影响。方法将32只大鼠随机分为对照组和500、1 000、2 000mg/kg TCE3个剂量染毒组,测定视网膜组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)的含量,光学显微镜下观察视网膜形态学变化,免疫组织化学法测定iNOS的表达。结果与对照组比较,TCE染毒1 000、2 000mg/kg组大鼠视网膜组织中SOD活力均降低(P<0.01),TCE染毒500、1 000、2 000mg/kg组大鼠视网膜组织中MDA含量均升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);TCE染毒的3个剂量组中,大鼠视网膜组织中NO含量均高于对照组(P<0.01)。TCE染毒组大鼠视网膜组织的内核层、外核层、节细胞层出现细胞核变大、水肿、空泡等变化。TCE染毒1 000、2 000mg/kg组大鼠视网膜组织中iNOS活力高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 TCE能激活视网膜组织iNOS表达,产生过量的NO可损伤视网膜细胞;视网膜脂质过氧化作用增强也是TCE所致视网膜损害的机制之一。
Objective To investigate the effect of trichlorethylene (TCE) on the lipid peroxidation injury and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in retina of rats. Methods Twenty-two SD rats were randomly divided into control group and 500, 1000 and 2 000 TCE3 dose groups. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), monoxide The content of nitric oxide (NO) was observed under light microscope. The retinal morphological changes were observed under light microscope. The expression of iNOS was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the control group, the activity of SOD in retinal tissue of TCE-treated rats at 1 000 and 2 000 mg / kg was decreased (P <0.01). In the TCE-treated group, the retinal tissue at 500, 1 000 and 2 000 mg / kg (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The content of NO in retina tissue of three dose groups treated with TCE was higher than that of the control group (P <0.01). In the TCE group, the nucleus, outer nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer in the retina were enlarged, edema and vacuolation were observed. The iNOS activity in retinal tissue of 1 000 and 2 000 mg / kg TCE groups was higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion TCE can activate the expression of iNOS in retinal tissue and produce excessive NO can damage retinal cells. The enhancement of retinal lipid peroxidation is also one of the mechanisms of TCE-induced retinal damage.