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探讨了基坑降水导致周围地基沉降的机理,通过借鉴水库水位下降时的水面曲线计算公式,并简化和分解由降水导致的附加荷载后,推导出一套计算基坑降水引起的地基附加应力和地表沉降的理论计算方法。本方法可以综合考虑水位降深和水面曲线形状等因素的影响,计算结果能比较准确的反映水面曲线以下附加应力的衰减效应,相比传统计算方法更具合理性。笔者利用本理论计算方法对某基坑工程降水实例进行了计算,通过对比分析本方法计算结果及数值模拟和实测值后发现,本方法计算得到的地基附加应力和地表沉降分布规律与数值模拟和实测值基本吻合,误差范围均在15%以内,验证了本计算模型的有效性。
The mechanism of foundation settlement caused by foundation pit dewatering is discussed. By calculating formula of water surface when reservoir water level descends and simplifying and decomposing additional loads caused by precipitation, a set of formulas for calculating additional stress caused by foundation pit dewatering and Theoretical Calculation of Surface Subsidence. This method can comprehensively consider the influence of water level and surface shape of water surface. The calculation results can reflect the attenuation effect of additional stress below water surface more accurately, which is more reasonable than the traditional calculation method. By using this theoretical calculation method, this paper calculates a case of engineering foundation pit dewatering. Comparing the calculation results of this method with the numerical simulation and the measured values, it is found that the additional stress of foundation and the law of surface subsidence distribution and the numerical simulation and The measured values are basically in agreement, the error range is less than 15%, which verifies the validity of this calculation model.