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本文讨论表主观评价的“一个X,Y”构式,指出“一个X”凸显人或事物、事件的属性,“Y”则对“X”的属性所执行的某种行为或造成的某种状态的合宜性进行评议。出现在“X”位置上的成分有一定的语义限制,“一个X”既可以表示客观量,也可以表示主观大量和主观小量。同时,“一个X”与“Y”之间形成常态关系和异态关系两种类型,前者倾向针对特定个体宣扬普遍道理,后者具有表达反预期信息的语用功能。文章还讨论了“一个X,Y”构式主观化的演进历程。
This paper discusses the subjective evaluation of the “X, Y” structure, pointing out that “X” highlights the attributes of people or things, events, and “Y” performs on the attributes of “X” Appreciation of the appropriateness of a particular act or state of affairs. The components appearing in the “X” position have some semantic restrictions. “An X” can represent both objective quantity and subjective quantity and subjective quantity. At the same time, there are two types of “normal relationship” and “abnormal relationship” between “one X” and “Y”. The former tends to promote the universal truth for a specific individual, and the latter has the pragmatic function of expressing counter anticipatory information. The article also discusses the evolution of subjective “X, Y” constructions.