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目的:明确引起栀子炭疽病病原菌种类,研究常用杀菌剂对病原菌菌丝生长的抑制作用,为病害防治提供依据。方法:采集江西省不同地区栀子炭疽病病叶标本,采用常规组织分离法进行病原菌的分离与纯化,基于柯赫氏法则,检测病原菌的致病性,采用形态观察、显微鉴定、真菌r DNA-ITS序列分析,系统的鉴定病原菌,选取常用的11种抑菌剂对其进行室内药剂毒力测定,并建立抑制率与药剂浓度的相关回归方程;筛选出有明显抑菌作用的药剂,为防治该病的发生提供理论依据。结果:从收集的栀子炭疽病病原菌感染的叶片中分离纯化得到11个菌株,经致病性测定和科赫氏验证确定使栀子发病快且病情严重的菌株,通过形态和显微鉴定并对扩增得到的r DNA-ITS序列进行Blast对比分析,确定该病害为茎点霉菌Phoma.sp。选用的药剂中武夷菌素、链霉素和寡糖链蛋白无明显的抑菌效果,多菌灵的抑菌效果最好,回归方程为Y=79.97X-1.75[r=0.965,半最大效应浓度(EC_(50))=0.65 mg·L~(-1)],其次为咪鲜三环唑和五硝多菌灵,回归方程分别为Y=6.142X+19.47(r=0.902,EC50=4.97 mg·L~(-1)),Y=6.1X+17.23(r=0.93,EC_(50)=5.37 mg·L~(-1)),其他药剂呈现不同程度的抑菌效果。结论:确定了栀子炭疽病病原菌并筛选出了抑制病原菌的有效药剂。
Objective: To clearly cause the pathogen species of gardenia anthracnose, to study the inhibitory effect of common fungicides on mycelial growth of pathogens, and to provide basis for disease prevention and control. Methods: The leaf samples of Gardenia jasminoides in different areas of Jiangxi Province were collected. The pathogen was isolated and purified by routine tissue isolation method. The pathogenicity of the pathogen was tested by Koch's rule. The morphological, microscopic identification, DNA-ITS sequence analysis, systematic identification of pathogens, the selection of the commonly used 11 kinds of antibacterial agents for indoor drug toxicity determination, and the establishment of inhibition rate and drug concentration regression equation; screening out significant antibacterial agents, To prevent the occurrence of the disease provide a theoretical basis. Results: Eleven strains were isolated and purified from the collected leaves of gardenia anthracnose pathogen. The pathogenicity test and Koch's validation identified the strains that caused the rapid onset and serious disease of gardenia. The morphological and microscopic identification Blast comparative analysis of the amplified r DNA-ITS sequences confirmed that the disease is Phoma sp. The antibacterial activity of carbendazim, streptomycin and oligosaccharin was not obvious, and the antibacterial effect of carbendazim was the best. The regression equation was Y = 79.97X-1.75 [r = 0.965, half maximal effect (EC 50) = 0.65 mg · L -1], followed by tricyclazole and pentanitum and the regression equations were Y = 6.142X + 19.47 (r = 0.902, EC50 = 4.97 mg · L -1, Y = 6.1X + 17.23 (r = 0.93, EC 50 = 5.37 mg · L -1). The other agents showed different degrees of antibacterial activity. Conclusion: The pathogen of gardenia anthracnose was identified and effective agents for inhibiting pathogen were screened out.