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采用盆栽试验,研究了福建省3个主栽烟草品种(翠碧1号、K326、云烟87)在添加了0、100 mg/kg、200 mg/kg、400 mg/kg、800mg/kg、1 600 mg/kg Pb2+的土壤中对铅的富集和分配特征,并对植烟土壤中铅的安全临界值进行了探讨。结果表明,随土壤铅添加量增加,烟草各部位铅质量比都显著增加,土壤铅向各部位的转移系数先增大后减小。3种烟草根部铅质量比均最高,而上部叶铅质量比最低。铅从土壤到烟草各部位的转移系数由大到小依次为根、茎、下部叶、中部叶、上部叶。在供试的3个品种中,翠碧1号地上部对铅的富集能力较强。铅主要累积在烟草根部,占整株的70.54%~93.91%,叶片中累积量较少,仅占整株的2.44%~14.27%。根据人体铅摄入限量、吸烟时铅进入人体的质量比及烟草中部叶铅质量比与土壤有效铅质量比的回归模型,推算得到3种烟草植烟土壤的安全临界值分别为47.66 mg/kg(翠碧1号)、40.33 mg/kg(K326)、41.14 mg/kg(云烟87),并建议福建省植烟土壤铅的安全临界值为40 mg/kg(DTPA提取)。
A pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of adding 0, 100 mg / kg, 200 mg / kg, 400 mg / kg and 800 mg / kg on the three main cultivated tobacco varieties (CuiBi No.1, K326 and Yunyan87) Pb accumulation and distribution in soils contaminated with 600 mg / kg Pb2 +, and the safety critical values of lead in tobacco soil were discussed. The results showed that with the increase of soil Pb content, the mass ratio of lead in all parts of tobacco increased significantly, and the transfer coefficient of lead in various parts of soil first increased and then decreased. The three kinds of tobacco root mass ratio of the highest, while the upper leaf lead mass ratio of the lowest. The transfer coefficients of lead from soil to tobacco were descending order of roots, stems, lower leaves, middle leaves and upper leaves. Among the three cultivars tested, the upper part of CuiBi 1 had stronger ability to enrich lead. Lead mainly accumulates in the roots of tobacco, accounting for 70.54% ~ 93.91% of the whole plant, less accumulated in the leaves, accounting for only 2.44% ~ 14.27% of the whole plant. According to the limit of human intake of lead, the mass ratio of lead into the human body when smoking, and the regression model between the mass ratio of leaf lead and the available lead mass in the middle tobacco, the safety critical values for the three tobacco-planting tobacco soils were estimated to be 47.66 mg / kg (Cui Bi No. 1), 40.33 mg / kg (K326) and 41.14 mg / kg (Yunyan 87). The safety critical value of Pb in tobacco-planting soil in Fujian Province was also suggested to be 40 mg / kg (DTPA extraction).