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目的了解兰州市噪声危害企业的职业病防治现状。方法 2011年4月至12月采用流行病学现况调查方法对兰州市120家噪声危害企业职业病防治现状进行调查。结果120家噪声危害企业中,私有企业占63.3%,国有企业和责任有限公司占36.7%;有各种职业病前期预防工作的企业分别占0～26.7%;有各种职业病防治管理措施的企业分别占13.3%～23.3%;有各种职业病防护措施的企业分别占6.7%～100%;进行岗前、在岗职业健康体检的企业分别占1.7%、53.3%,无一家企业进行离岗职业健康体检;在岗工人职业健康体检率为51.3%;私有企业职业病危害项目申报率、职业病防治专项经费投入率、各项职业病防治管理措施实施率、耳塞配备率、有在岗职业健康体检企业的百分率及在岗工人职业健康体检率明显低于国有企业或责任有限公司(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论兰州市噪声危害企业职业病防治现状不容乐观,私有企业是职业病防治重点监管对象。
Objective To understand the status of occupational disease prevention and control in noise-harmed enterprises in Lanzhou. Methods From April to December of 2011, the status quo of occupational disease prevention and treatment in 120 noise-harmed enterprises in Lanzhou was investigated by means of epidemiological survey. Results Among the 120 noise-harmed enterprises, 63.3% were owned by private enterprises and 36.7% by state-owned enterprises and limited liability companies; 0-26.7% were enterprises with pre-prevention work of various occupational diseases respectively; and enterprises with various occupational disease prevention and control measures Accounting for 13.3% ~ 23.3%; enterprises with various protective measures for occupational diseases accounted for 6.7% ~ 100% respectively; 1.7% and 53.3% of pre-employment and post-employment occupational health examination respectively, none of them conducted occupational health examination ; Occupational health examination rate of 51.3% of workers in the private sector; occupational hazards in private enterprises reporting rate of occupational disease prevention and control of special funds into the rate of implementation of various occupational disease prevention and control measures implementation rate earplugs equipped with the percentage of occupational health examination enterprises and on-the-job workers The occupational health examination rate was significantly lower than that of state-owned enterprises or limited liability companies (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusion The status quo of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in noise-harmed enterprises in Lanzhou City is not optimistic, and private-owned enterprises are the key regulatory targets of occupational disease prevention and control.