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可持续发展是人类社会的共同目标,太阳能光伏组件在使用过程中绿色环保零排放,但在制造过程中却要消耗各种能源并产生污染排放,对于光伏企业而言,最重要的目标不仅在于降低产品成本,更在于提高整个产品生命周期内的“环境保护/污染排放”比值.引入CO_2作为光伏企业的非期望产出,运用DEA模型和动态Malmquist指数模型,对中国24家上市光伏企业2008-2014年的相关投入与产出数据进行研究,在此基础上,通过Tobit回归模型分析影响光伏企业绿色效率的因素.结果表明:中国光伏企业各效率值都维持在较高水平;非期望产出的绿色全要素生产率都存在明显下降趋势,表明企业CO_2排放下降,生产过程中能源效率提高;而研发人员占比、高层管理者对环境态度都对光伏企业的节能减排和绿色发展有正向影响.
Sustainable development is the common goal of human society, solar photovoltaic modules in the process of using zero-emission green, but in the manufacturing process but to consume all kinds of energy and generate pollution emissions, the most important goal for the photovoltaic companies, not only lies in Reduce the cost of products, but also improve the ratio of “environmental protection / pollution emission” throughout the product life cycle.C2 is introduced as the unexpected output of PV enterprises, and DEA model and dynamic Malmquist index model are used to analyze the 24 listed PV And the related input and output data of enterprises from 2008 to 2014. Based on this, the factors influencing the green efficiency of PV enterprises are analyzed by Tobit regression model.The results show that all the efficiency values of PV enterprises in China are maintained at a high level; The expected output of green total factor productivity has a significant downward trend, indicating that enterprises CO 2 emissions decline in the production process of energy efficiency; and R & D personnel, the top management attitude towards the environment of photovoltaic energy-saving emission reduction and green development Have a positive impact.