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《关于城镇医药卫生体制改革的指导意见》(国办发[2000]16号)首次明确提出建立新的医疗机构分类管理制度,将社会上的医疗机构分为营利性和非营利性两类。这是对我国现行医疗机构管理体制进行的重大调整。那么,对医疗机构实行分类管理的原因和意义何在呢?1.实行医疗机构分类管理,是建立社会主义市场经济体制的客观要求。目前我国医疗机构主要是公立非营利性,随着社会主义市场经济体制的建立和对外开放的不断扩大,医疗机构的投资渠道正发生变化,有相当一部分投资者建立医疗机构的目的是为了营利,例如我国目前已经存在的一些中外合作合资医疗机构、股份制医疗机构等。特别是加入 WTO后外国资本将进入医疗保健业。如果我们仍延用计划经济的做法对各类医疗机构实行相同财税、价格政策和管理方式,显然已经不适应当前和今后对医疗机构管理的需要,不利于国家调控卫生事业的发展方向,不利于促进医疗机构的平等竞争。
The Guiding Opinions on the Reform of the Urban Medical and Health System (Guobanfa [2000] No. 16) clearly proposed the establishment of a new classification system for medical institutions for the first time. The medical institutions in the society are classified into two categories: for-profit and non-profit. This is a major adjustment to the management system of China’s current medical institutions. Then, what are the reasons and significance for the classification management of medical institutions? 1. The implementation of classified management of medical institutions is an objective requirement for establishing a socialist market economic system. At present, China’s medical institutions are mainly public and non-profit. With the establishment of the socialist market economic system and the continuous expansion of opening up, the investment channels of medical institutions are changing. A large number of investors set up medical institutions for the purpose of making profits. For example, some Chinese-foreign cooperative medical institutions and joint-stock medical institutions that currently exist in China. In particular, foreign capital will enter the healthcare industry after joining the WTO. If we continue to use the planned economy, we must implement the same fiscal tax, pricing policy, and management methods for all types of medical institutions. Obviously, we have not adapted to the current and future needs for the management of medical institutions, and it is not conducive to the direction of the state to regulate the development of the health industry. Promote equal competition in medical institutions.