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目的了解湛江市水泥生产企业粉尘作业工人的尘肺发病情况,为今后防治工作提供科学依据。方法对1987年1月—2011年12月的湛江市的水泥生产企业粉尘作业人员职业健康检查资料和职业病诊断资料进行回顾性分析。结果 25年来检出尘肺患者21例,观察对象32例(其中15例进展为尘肺)。尘肺患者平均检出年龄(52.1±7.0)岁和平均接尘时间(19.5±7.1)a分别高于观察对象的平均检出年龄(46.8±5.2)岁和接尘时间(13.2±3.6)a,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。尘肺患者病死率达28.6%。结论水泥粉尘接触工人尘肺发病与接触年龄、工龄有关。应建立合理有效的管理机制,加强水泥生产企业尘肺病的防治工作。
Objective To understand the incidence of pneumoconiosis among dust workers in cement production enterprises in Zhanjiang and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control work in the future. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on occupational health checkup data and occupational disease diagnostic data of dust workers in Zhanjiang City from January 1987 to December 2011. Results In the past 25 years, 21 cases of pneumoconiosis were detected and 32 cases were observed (15 cases progressed to pneumoconiosis). The average detection time of pneumoconiosis patients (52.1 ± 7.0) years and the average dust collection time (19.5 ± 7.1) a were higher than the average detection time of subjects (46.8 ± 5.2) and dusting time (13.2 ± 3.6) a, The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05, P <0.01). Pneumoconiosis patients mortality rate of 28.6%. Conclusion The incidence of pneumoconiosis in workers exposed to cement dust is related to age of exposure and length of service. A reasonable and effective management mechanism should be established to strengthen the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis in cement production enterprises.