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白背飞虱(Sogatella furcifera)是传播南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒(Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus,SRBSDV)的介体昆虫。本研究试图探明不同因素(环境温度、介体发育阶段、水稻品种及其生育期、介体禁食)对白背飞虱传毒能力的影响,为探讨该病毒病的防治策略提供参考依据。采用三因素完全随机设计,研究介体发育阶段、温度和水稻生育期对白背飞虱在稻苗间传播SRBSDV的影响及其是否存在互作效应;利用RT-PCR测定该虫在不同水稻品种间的传毒效率,探讨不同品种对该虫传毒能力的影响;测定该虫长翅型成虫经禁食处理后的传毒效率,确定禁食时间长短对其传毒能力的影响。结果表明,白背飞虱(5龄若虫、长翅型和短翅型成虫)在18~34℃的温度区间内均能在不同生育期的水稻上传毒,传毒率在3.3%~41.2%。介体发育阶段、环境温度和水稻生育期均能显著影响该虫的传毒能力(P<0.01),不同发育阶段白背飞虱的传毒能力依次是5龄若虫>短翅型成虫>长翅型成虫;26℃时该虫传毒率最高,其次是22℃,最后依次是28℃、18℃和34℃;苗龄越低传毒率越高。这三者中任意两因素间都有极显著的互作效应(P<0.01),它们对该虫传毒的影响顺序依次是温度>水稻生育期>介体发育阶段>环境温度×介体发育阶段>环境温度×水稻生育期>介体发育阶段×水稻生育期。不同品种的感染率不同,5个品种感染率从高到低的顺序分别是陵两优(41.7%)、金优899(37.6%)、金优284(36.2%)、培两优981(32.1%)和威优644(29.3%)。其中,陵两优的感染率显著高于其他品种(P<0.05),金优898和金优284之间感染率差异不显著(P<0.05),威优644的感染率显著低于其他品种(P<0.05)。禁食时间在12h以上时,该虫传毒能力显著降低(P<0.05)。白背飞虱在稻苗间的传毒效率与水稻品种、环境温度、该虫发育阶段、水稻品种及生育期、该虫禁食时间长短密切相关,其中,水稻生育期、温度和白背飞虱的发育阶段问还存在极显著的互作效应。
Sogatella furcifera is a mediator insect that transmits southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV). This study attempted to investigate the influence of different factors (environmental temperature, stage of media development, rice variety and its growth period, fasting medium) on the virulence of whitebacked planthopper, and provide reference for the prevention and control strategies of this virus disease. A three-factor, completely randomized design was used to investigate the effects of media development stage, temperature and rice growth stage on SRBSDV transmission among rice seedlings and their interaction effects. The effects of different breeds on the lethality of the insects were investigated. The transmission efficiency of the long-winged adults of the insects after fasting treatment was determined, and the effect of the fasting time on the lethality was analyzed. The results showed that the whitebacked planthoppers (5th instar nymphs, long-winged and short-winged adults) were able to infect the rice at different growth stages within the temperature range of 18 ~ 34 ℃, and the virus transmission rates ranged from 3.3% to 41.2% . The developmental stages of media, the ambient temperature and the growth period of rice all had significant effects on the lethality of the insect (P <0.01). The lethality of whitebacked planthopper (Sogatella furcifera) Wing adults; 26 ℃ when the highest rate of transmission of the worm, followed by 22 ℃, followed by the last 28 ℃, 18 ℃ and 34 ℃; There was a significant interaction between any two of the three factors (P <0.01). The order of their effects on the virus transmission was in order of temperature> rice growth period> media development stage> ambient temperature × media development Stage> Ambient temperature × Rice growth period> Mediator development stage × Rice growth period. The infection rates of different breeds were different. The order of infection rates of the five breeds was high and low (41.7%), Jinyou 899 (37.6%), Jinyou 284 (36.2%), Peiliangyou 981 (32.1 %) And Wei You 644 (29.3%). Among them, the infection rate of Lingliangyou was significantly higher than that of other cultivars (P <0.05), but the infection rate of Jinyou 898 and Jinyou 284 was not significantly different (P <0.05), but the infection rate of Weiyou 644 was significantly lower than that of other cultivars (P <0.05). Fasting time in more than 12h, the worm poisoning ability was significantly reduced (P <0.05). The efficiency of the transfer of Sogatella furcifera in rice seedlings was closely related to rice variety, environmental temperature, developmental stages of the insect, rice variety and growth period, and the duration of fasted time. Among them, rice growth temperature, Louse development stage there is still a very significant interaction effect.