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下丘脑与免疫系统之间有双向作用。下丘脑有免疫反应的兴奋区和抑制区。支配淋巴器官的神经纤维的一个重要功能是免疫调节,淋巴细胞表面的神经介质与激素受体是这个调节环路中的感受器与效应器。通过神经内分泌系统和自主神经系统,下丘脑在调控免疫反应的同时接受免疫系统上行的反馈信号。这表明下丘脑是免疫反应神经体液调节的中枢。
There is a two-way effect between the hypothalamus and the immune system. Hypothalamus has an immune response to excitement and inhibition zone. An important function of nerve fibers that dominate lymphoid organs is immune regulation. The neurotransmitter and hormone receptors on the surface of lymphocytes are receptors and effectors in this regulatory loop. Through the neuroendocrine system and the autonomic nervous system, the hypothalamus receives feedback signals from the immune system upstream while regulating the immune response. This indicates that the hypothalamus is the center of the immune response neurohumoral regulation.